Culture Jamming - Definition and Examples

Culture Jamming s Culture sticking is the act of disturbing the ordinary idea of regular daily existence and business as usual with astounding, frequently funny or sarcastic acts or fine arts. The training was promoted by the counter consumerist association Adbusters, which regularly utilizes it to constrain the individuals who experience their work to scrutinize the nearness and impact of publicizing and commercialization in our lives. Specifically, culture sticking frequently requests that we think about the pace and volume at which we devour and the unchallenged job that the utilization of merchandise plays in our lives, in spite of the numerous human and ecological expenses of worldwide large scale manufacturing. Key Takeaways: Culture Jamming Culture sticking alludes to the making of pictures or practices that power watchers to scrutinize the status quo.Culture sticking upsets accepted practices and is regularly utilized as an instrument for social change. Activists have utilized culture sticking to bring issues to light of issues including sweatshop work, rape on school grounds, and police mercilessness. The Critical Theory Behind Culture Jamming Culture sticking regularly includes the utilization of an image that amends or plays off of a generally perceived image of a corporate brand, (for example, Coca-Cola, McDonalds, Nike, and Apple, to give some examples). The image is regularly intended to raise doubt about the brand picture and qualities connected to the corporate logo, to scrutinize the purchaser relationship to the brand, and to enlighten destructive activities with respect to the partnership. For instance, when Apple propelled the iPhone 6 out of 2014, the Hong Kong-based Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehavior (SACOM) organized a dissent at a Hong Kong Apple Store where they spread out an enormous standard that highlighted the picture of the new gadget sandwiched between the words, iSlave. Harsher than harsher. Still made in sweatshops. The act of culture sticking is propelled by the basic hypothesis of the Frankfurt School, which concentrated on the intensity of broad communications and publicizing to shape and direct our standards, qualities, desires, and behaviorâ through oblivious and subliminal strategies. By undercutting the picture and qualities connected to a corporate brand, the images conveyed in culture sticking mean to create sentiments of stun, disgrace, dread, and eventually outrage in the watcher, since it is these feelings that lead to social change and political activity. Once in a while, culture sticking utilizations an image or an open exhibition to study the standards and practices of social foundations or to address political suspicions that lead to imbalance or bad form. The craftsman Banksy is a striking case of this kind of culture sticking. Here, well look at some ongoing cases that do likewise. Emma Sulkowicz and Rape Culture Emma Sulkowicz propelled her exhibition piece and senior proposal venture Mattress Performance: Carry That Weight at Columbia University in New York Cityâ in Septemberâ 2014, as an approach to cause basic to notice the universitys misusing of disciplinary procedures for her supposed attacker, and its misusing of rape cases as a rule. Talking about her exhibition and her experience of assault, Emma told the Columbia Spectator that the piece is intended to take her private experience of assault and disgrace in the fallout of her assault into the open circle andâ to genuinely summon the mental weight she has conveyed since the claimed attack. Emma promised to convey the weight in broad daylight until her supposed attacker was removed or left grounds. This never occurred, so Emma and supporters of the reason conveyed her bedding all through her graduation service. Emmas day by day execution not just broughtâ her affirmed assaultâ into the open circle, it likewise stuck the notionâ that rape and its results are private issues, and enlightened the truth that they are oftenâ hidden from see by the disgrace and dread that survivors experience. Declining to endure peacefully and in private, Emma madeâ her individual understudies, workforce, overseers, and staff at Columbia face the truth of rape on school grounds by making the issue noticeable with her exhibition. In sociological terms, Emmas execution served to disappear the no-no on recognizing and talking about the broad issue of sexual viciousness by upsetting the accepted practices of every day grounds conduct. She brought assault culture into sharp spotlight on Columbias grounds, and in the public arena by and large. Emma got a store of media inclusion for her way of life sticking execution piece, and individual understudies and graduated class of Columbia joined her in conveying the weight every day. Of the social and political intensity of her work and the boundless media consideration it got, Ben Davis of ArtNet, the pioneer in worldwide news about the craftsmanship world, composed, I can scarcely think about a fine art in late memory that legitimizes the conviction that workmanship can in any case helpâ lead a conversationâ in an incredible way Mattress Performanceâ already has. People of color Matter and Justice for Michael Brown While Emma was hefting that weight around Columbias grounds, most of the way the nation over in St. Louis, Missouri, nonconformists innovatively demandedâ justice for 18-year-old Michael Brown, an unarmed Black manâ who was slaughtered by a Ferguson, MO cop Darren Wilson on August 9, 2014. Wilson had by then yet to be accused of a wrongdoing, and since the slaughtering happened, Ferguson, a prevalently Black cityâ with a dominatingly white police power and a background marked by police badgering and brutality,â had been raked by every day and daily fights. Similarly as interlude finished up during an exhibition of Requiem by Johannes Brahms by the St. Louis Symphony on October 4, a racially differing gathering of artists remained from their seats, individually, singing the great Civil Rights song of praise, Which Side Are You On? In an excellent and frequenting execution, dissenters tended to the prevalently white crowd with the tunes nominal inquiry, and begged, Justice for Mike Brown is equity for all of us. In a recorded video of the occasion, some crowd individuals look on disapprovingly while many applauded the vocalists. Dissidents dropped bannersâ from the gallery recognizing Michael Browns lifeâ during the performanceâ and recited Black lives matter! as they calmly left the orchestra lobby at the finish of the tune. The astounding, innovative, and delightful nature of this culture sticking dissent made it especially viable. The dissidents benefited from the nearness of a tranquil and mindful crowd to disturb the standard of audienceâ silence and stillnessâ and rather madeâ the crowd the site of a politically drawn in execution. At the point when normal practices are disturbed in spaces in which they are generally carefully complied, we will in general rapidly pay heed and spotlight on the interruption, which makes this type of culture sticking effective. Further, this presentation disturbs the advantaged comfort that individuals from an orchestra crowd appreciate, given that they are principally white and affluent, or if nothing else working class. The presentation was a compelling method of reminding individuals who are not troubled by prejudice that the network in which they live is right now under ambush by it in physical, institutional, and ideological waysâ and that, as individuals from that network, they have an obligation to battle those powers. Both of these exhibitions, by Emma Sulkowicz and the St. Louis dissenters, are instances of culture sticking at its best. They shock the individuals who demonstrate the veracity of them with their disturbance of accepted practices, and in doing as such, call those very standards, and the legitimacy of the organizations that compose themâ into question. Each offers an opportune and profoundly importantâ commentary on disturbing social problemsâ and drives us to stand up to that which is all the more helpfully cleared aside. This issues in light of the fact that instinctively defying the social issues of our day is a significant advance toward important social change.

Reflection on theory and knowledge in nursing

Reflection on hypothesis and information in nursing The point of this report is take a gander at a basic episode that happened by and by and relates this to the hypothesis and information with respect to correspondence and relational aptitudes, in order to exhibit a comprehension of my perspectives on the workmanship and study of reflection and the issues encompassing intelligent practice; in other words, what abilities were and were not utilized at the hour of the occurrence. Secrecy will be kept up as required by the Nursing Midwifery Council Code (NMC, 2008).  There is a conversation evaluating the idea of reflection both for the most part, and in my specific region of training of pressing consideration. Reflection is a piece of intelligent practice and is an aptitude that is created. It tends to be viewed as a method of acclimating to life as a certified medicinal services proficient and improving the advancement of an expert personality (Atwal Jones, 2009). Reflection is characterized as a procedure of assessing an encounter which includes portrayal, investigation and assessment to upgrade learning practically speaking (Rolfe et al 2001). This is upheld by (Fleming, 2006), who depicted it as a procedure of contemplated thought. It empowers the professional to basically evaluate self and their way to deal with training. Intelligent practice is upheld in human services as a learning procedure that empowers self-assessment with ensuing expert improvement arranging (Zuzelo, 2009). Intelligent practice has been distinguished as one of the key manners by which we can gain from our encounters. Intelligent practice can mean accepting our encounters as an underlying point for our learning and creating practice (Jasper, 2003). Numerous writings have been written in the past that propose the utilization of intelligent assignments and journaling as apparatuses to improve reflection and thinking abilities in social insurance (Chapman et al, 2008). Intelligent diaries are a perfect method to be effectively associated with learning (Millinkovic Field, 2005) and can be executed to permit specialists to record occasions and archive their contemplations and activities on day by day circumstances, and how this may influence their future practice (Williams Wessel, 2004). MODELS So as to give a structure to strategies, practices and procedures for building information from training there are a few models of reflection accessible. All can assist with coordinating individual reflection. Some might be especially helpful for shallow critical thinking, and other better when a more profound intelligent procedure is required. Intelligent models anyway are not intended to be utilized as an unbending arrangement of inquiries to be replied however to give some structure and support making a record of the movement. Johns (2004) ponders revealing the information behind the occurrence and the activities of others present. It is a decent apparatus for intuition, investigating thoughts, explaining conclusions and supports learning. Kolbs Learning Cycle (1984) is a cycle that mirrors a procedure people, groups and associations take care of; and comprehends their encounters and therefore, adjusts their conduct. Schã ¶n (1987), be that as it may, distinguishes two kinds of reflection that can be applied in medicinal services, Reflection-in real life and Reflection-on-activity. Appearance in real life can likewise be depicted as deduction while doing. Reflection-on-activity includes returning to encounters and further dissecting them to improve abilities and upgrade to future practice. Atkins and Murphys model of reflection (1994) make this thought one stride further and propose that for reflection to have a genuine effect to rehearse we follow this with a guarantee to activity therefore. Terry Bortons (1970) 3 stem questions: What?, So What? and Now What?â were created by John Driscoll in 1994, 2000 and 2007. Driscoll coordinated the 3 inquiries to the phases of anâ experiential learning cycle, and included trigger inquiries that can be utilized to finish the cycle. Gibbs (1988) intelligent cycle is genuinely direct and supports an away from of the circumstance, examination of sentiments, assessment of the experience, investigation to understand the experience, end where different alternatives are thought of and reflection upon experience to inspect what you would do if the circumstance emerged once more. Picked MODEL The intelligent model that I have decided to utilize is Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988) as a structure, since it centers around various parts of an encounter and permits the student to return to the occasion completely. Gibbs (1988) will assist me with exploring the experience further, utilizing an arranged system as direction promotion I feel this is a straightforward model, which is all around organized and simple to use at this beginning time in my course. By mulling over it in this way, I am ready to welcome it and guided to where future improvement work is required. Before the basic episode is analyzed it is imperative to take a gander at what a basic occurrence is and why it is critical to nursing practice. Girot (1997), refered to in Maslin-Prothero, (1997) states that basic episodes are a methods for investigating a specific circumstance practically speaking and perceiving what has been gained from the circumstance. Benner (1984, refered to by Kacperek, 1997) contends that medical attendants can't increment or build up their insight to its maximum capacity except if they look at their own training. Setting of episode In the situation the patients name will be given as Xst.   The outcomes of my activities for the customer will be clarified and how they may have been improved, including what I gained from the experience. My sentiments about the clinical aptitudes used to deal with the customers care will be built up and my new comprehension of the circumstance particularly according to prove based practice will be thought of.  I will at last consider what moves I will make so as to guarantee my proceeded with proficient turn of events and learning.  Portrayal Miss Xst is multi year elderly person who has a multi year old daughter.â She experiences mental issues, absence of inspiration and experiences issues in keeping up her own cleanliness and the neatness of her level. She was one of my tutors customers to whom I had been doled out to arrange and regulate her consideration. Emotional wellness Nurses owe their patients an obligation of care and are relied upon to offer an elevated expectation of care dependent on current best practice, (NMC 2008).  â Miss Xst had been recommended Risperidone Consta 37.5mg fortnightly, which is a moderate drug. Risperidone has a place with a gathering of meds called antipsychotic, which are generally used to assist treat with peopling with schizophrenia and comparable condition, for example, psychosis. In spite of the fact that her condition is intense, it isn't extraordinary and the purpose behind this prescription is to help Miss Xst to balance out her idea so she can bolster herself in the network (Healey, 2006). Miss Xst didn't care for going to terminal center and she missed three successive arrangements. My guide chose after the third non-participation to bring the issue up in the handover meeting where it was chosen to see Miss Xst in the first part of the day however when we showed up she was not there. We left a note for her to call the workplace. We didn't get notification from her and a further home visit was done to organize her next stop center arrangement. I assembled a conference of the multi-disciplinary group (MDT) who concurred that there would be an issue if the following infusions were missed. The social laborer who was a piece of the group said that she will orchestrate a network bolster specialist to assist clean With missing Xsts level on a week by week premise (Adams 2008). We sat tight for about an hour for Miss Xst to go to the facility for her warehouse infusion however she neglected to join in. I at that point educated the Community Psychiatry Nurse (CPN) that Miss Xst had communicated negative sentiments about her drug and figured she didn't require them; she had guaranteed she was at that point feeling admirably and in this way needed the meds to be stopped.  At an ensuing gathering with the patient, she concurred a joint encounter with the CPN and myself to re-survey her condition and consider on the off chance that it was important to  â refer her case to the specialist (Barker, 2003).  I was allowed the chance to complete the underlying evaluation, which demonstrated that her conduct was entirely capricious and absent minded. Her powerlessness to take her prescription and to deal with her own cleanliness unmistakably exhibited that she was not well. The appraisal device I utilized was the Mental State Examination which decides the degree of her understanding into her sickness and for sure I discovered that she was trying to claim ignorance (Barker, 2004). I conversed with Miss Xst about her non-concordance with her drug, yet she continued saying she was well.â I helped her that ceaseless use to remember the medicine would profit her psychological well-being and secure her against relapse.â We concurred that she could examine this with the specialist on her next outpatient arrangement, with the choice of looking into or diminishing her prescription. I focused on the significance of her conveying any symptoms or reservations she may have about the medicine to specialist. She seemed to get this and following the conversation, she at last agreed to her warehouse infusion. Despite the fact that the NMC (2008) keeps up that medical caretakers have an obligation to engage understanding in their consideration and to recognize and limit hazard to persistent. The rule of advantage (to progress admirably) must be adjusted against no wrathfulness (doing no damage) (Beauchamp and Childress, 2001).â All these exchanges were recorded in Miss Xsts care plan document and in PC. Great record keeping is a necessary piece of nursing and birthing assistance practice, and is fundamental to the arrangement of sheltered and compelling consideration. It's anything but a discretionary extra to be fitted in if conditions permit NMC (2009).  The results of my activities for the patient and her girl were that she took care of her little girls needs and to her own cleanliness, and made ordinary fortnightly visits to the center. Her state of mind was improved, she was a

11 Leadership Lessons From Napoleon

11 Leadership Lessons From Napoleon There are people who are said to have been “born leaders”. Meaning, they were born to naturally have leadership qualities, that they know how to command the respect of other people easily. But perceptions are changing, and leadership is now considered to be an attribute that can be learned. For sure, you have come across several leadership trainings and seminars, and courses that focus on teaching leadership lessons.But some of the best teachers when it comes to leadership are those who have made a mark in history, and using their actions and legacy as points of instruction. No doubt, one of the most notable and greatest leaders in history is Napoleon Bonaparte. © Flickr | Dennis JarvisIn this article, you will learn 1) about the history and actions of Napoleon Bonaparte and 2) 11 leadership lessons from Napoleon you can apply today.NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, THE GREATEST MILITARY COMMANDERFrench emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was a huge driving force in history, building and creating France to what it is today, and showing a great example of what leadership is to the rest of the world. He was one of the most brilliant military tacticians and strategists of his time and, unorthodox though his methods were, no one could deny how brilliant of a leader he was. He was fearless in the battlefield, and had enough charisma to draw people in with his words. Of course, there are other words that have been used to describe him: tyrant, motivator, revolutionary, ruthless politician. But one of his most enduring titles was that of a leader.Before becoming a prominent figure during the French Revolution and the Revolutionary Wars, Napoleon started out from humble beginnings, born to a family of minor nobility in Corsica. He showed early promise when it comes to a career in the military, and that’s what he did. He then rose up, starting out at the bottom of the military ranks until he became a military general and, at the age of 34, the first Emperor of France.Get a full picture on the life and actions of Napoleon Bonaparte by looking at this presentation.[slideshare id=57626087doc=napoleoncolorized-160128222354w=640h=330]LEADERSHIP LESSONS FROM NAPOLEONYou do not have to be part of the military in order to be able to apply the leadership lessons that Napoleon taught through example. The leadership skills and principles he had exhibited are applicable even in business, which is, incidentally, often similar  to a war or a battle. A good leader, be it of a fleet of warriors, military troops, or a corporate team, all follow the same fundamentals, and most of them can be learned from Napoleon Bonaparte.Lesson 1: Aim highDo not be satisfied with “just enough”, when you can have the “most”. Do not settle for “just all right”, when you can be the “best”.Aim high. Be greedy. Of course, it goes without saying that the effort you put in should also be at its fullest. There should be no room for half-assed attempts or half-hearted cracks at something. If you won’t aim high, that has very little difference to not aiming for anything at all.Lesson 2: Be where you are needed, and lead your people thereBeing present is already expected from a leader; but being present where you are needed is more important. Napoleon had many people with large amounts of abilities, skills and talents under his command, and he skillfully led them where their skills are needed or required. He made it a point to be there with them, so he could direct them better. He knew where to spot opportunities where his people’s skills and abilities will be put to use, and that is where he took them. The battlefield was his domain, and that was where you will find him, alongside and in front of his men.Napoleon was a very effective motivator. War time is definitely not a time for upbeat spirits, but with several speeches, he was able to revive the fighting spirit of men who were battle-weary and have been facing the poorest of conditions as they were led by a succession of incompetent leaders and commanders.Lesson 3: Be the first to do somethingBeing a leader means having the willingness to get your hands dirty. For Napoleon, no job was beneath him. Even when he was a celebrated general, he had no qualms about getting down from his steed and getting into the trenches. He participated in the work of those that he led. This ensured that he was kept aware of what goes on in the lower ranks even when he was already up there.For a while, the pictures painted of the quintessential leader was one that sits behind a desk (or on his throne), barking and giving orders to his subjects or servants, expecting them to buckle down and do what he told them at that very moment. This easily makes for a divisive relationship, one where the followers would have no respect for their leader, and doing something because they are told to do so, without them even wanting to do it.Being hands-on is something that employees are bound to appreciate from their leader. It tells a lot about the character of a leader when he attempts to work side by side with the people he leads. It is easier for both sides to connect and collaborate, and therefore finish the task at hand effectively and efficiently.Lesson 4: Say what you mean and mean what you sayEmpty promises are not what you would hear from a good leader. Giving false hopes, on the other hand, is the same thing.Napoleon advocated delivering on what has been promised and by this was great at expectation management. This effectively inspired confidence and trust in his people, so they were willing to follow him wherever he led.It is important for your people â€" and for everyone else â€" to see your sincerity as a leader, and by choosing your words carefully, you can show that you mean business.Lesson 5: Acknowledge that you cannot do everything by yourselfThere is a general misconception that a leader must be able to do everything alone. That certainly defeats the purpose of leading a group. You need help? Then ask for it.Napoleon, no matter how accomplished a soldier and tactician he was, could not have won battles if he were alone in the charge. He needed help from others, and he was not above lowering himself and doing things for others in order to ask for it. In the end, he was able to accomplish what he set out to do.There is one other thing that Napoleon made a point of, particularly after getting help from others: he thanked them. Whether it was through saying the words out loud, paying his soldiers with gold and silver that he has obtained, or even taking his own medal and pinning it on the coat of one his soldiers, he never failed to thank those w ho contributed to the cause.Gratitude is something that is often overlooked, even in corporate settings. There is this common perception that, since everyone in business is out to get something from others (e.g. win a deal, earn profits), then it’s mainly a give-and-take relationship, so saying thank you is not really all that important.You should give credit to where, when, and to whom it is due. The modern leader who wants to follow Napoleon’s example should set up an appreciation and reward system in place. It is to show his people that he appreciates the hard work they put in, and reward them for a job well done. This is a very positive way to boost their morale and motivate them to do better. On the other hand, employees who feel unappreciated and unrewarded by their leaders tend to feel disgruntled and completely unmotivated to go to work, or even think of ways to be less productive.Lesson 6: Be differentAs a leader, you have to set yourself apart from your people. The gre atest leaders did this by accomplishing great feats and tasks, by doing any of the following:Doing things differently. Breaking conventions and defying expectations was something that Napoleon did during his time. That’s what made him such a brilliant strategist, because he was not afraid to try something different, something new.Napoleon refused to stick to what was the norm, even in the way he and his men fought. As long as he saw an advantageous position for his troops, he seized it. He came up with tricks on battle formations that even bewildered his generals, but they turned out to be excellent moves, as evidenced by his victory during the Battle of the Pyramids in Egypt, when his 20,000-strong French army systematically defeated the Mamluk warriors, who had 60,000 men.As a leader, you have to always be on the lookout for other, newer, ways to perform a task. It’s not really a good idea to stick to only one method of dealing with one situation, especially in a competitive e nvironment such as business, where there are competitors at every turn. By doing things in the same way over and over again, you are in danger of being predictable, so they will be able to anticipate your moves better, and you lose any advantage you may have over them.Doing the impossible. Napoleon was seen as braver than most people, going where others would not dare, doing what others deemed impossible.Just like in the example stated above, which could only be described by many as an impossible task. Being short of 40,000 men compared to the enemy would have been enough to make other commanders cower, but not Napoleon. Instead, he looked for ways to even up the numbers without seeking reinforcements, and that was through his brilliant strategizing.Lesson 7: Respect your peopleRespect asks for  respect. It is something that is earned, yes, even by leaders. Napoleon was able to command the respect of his soldiers by showing that he, too, had respect for them and their abilities and contributions. It did not even matter that it was the lowest-ranked foot soldier, Napoleon respected them as human beings and part of the troops, and not solely for their position in the hierarchy.Napoleon was able to build an unstoppable army, mainly because of the devotion and loyalty that he was able to instill in his soldiers. But take note that Napoleon did not just earn the devotion of his people to him, per se, but he also made sure that his people became devoted to their cause. He made them want victory and glory in every battle as much as he did.Know your people and understand them. This is also another way of showing that you respect your people: get to know them and understand how they feel. Napoleon also took this as an opportunity to predict outcomes, especially when faced with unexpected circumstances or situations. Planning and strategizing became easier because Napoleon knew his people, so he knew where to put resources in the field.Do not silence your people. Let th em speak their minds and say their peace. Do not just hear them out; really listen to what they say. Get their thoughts, ideas, and opinions; you will be surprised at how much you can learn just by letting your people talk and by listening to what they have to say. Putting restrictions or limitations on them will also potentially be limiting to your effectiveness as a leader, and of your group’s goals. More importantly, pay attention to what your people think about how you are as a leader. After all, they are in the best position to say whether you are going a good job leading them or not.Trust your people. This is probably one of the hardest things for a leader (for anyone, really) to do but, by trusting your people, you are also working towards getting them to trust you. People find it easier to give their loyalty and trust to someone who shows that they trust them back. In the Battle of the Pyramids, for example, Napoleon trusted that his men will come through, despite being ou tnumbered. In return, his men trusted him to come up with a strategy for them to survive and beat the enemies.Lesson 8: Look people in the eyeIt’s a very simple thing to do, yet not a lot of people manage to do it. It’s called eye contact, and it is a quality that every good leader should have.By looking at another person straight in their eye, you are acknowledging their existence and showing that you are listening to what they have to say. It also serves as one way to gauge the person you are talking to. Sizing up a rival or an enemy will be easier when you look into their eyes, since it has been said all too often that the eyes are the windows of one’s soul. You can tell a lot about a person by watching how their eyes move, shift, or react.Lesson 9: Control your temperMore often than not, we are our own worst enemy, and anger is not going to help any. Anger is one sure way to cloud one’s judgment and, as a good leader, you are not supposed to let go of the clarity of your judgment.By managing his anger, Napoleon was able to keep his emotions in check and keep a clear head on the battlefield, where every decision â€" even the smallest one â€" could make the difference between life and death.Do not speak in anger. People who let anger rule over them tend to say things that they soon regret later on. In the process, they hurt other people, and they also lose the respect that those people had for them.Do not make decisions when you are feeling emotional. Unless you have a handle on your emotions, do not decide on anything. Deliberation requires a level head, and being emotional â€" not just plain furious â€" won’t let you do that objectively.Lesson 10: Have respect for your timeYou might not know it, but you might be disrespecting the time that is available to you by doing things that are irrelevant and will not really give you any satisfaction. Napoleon showed great efficiency in managing time and becoming an excellent organizer.This was also apparen t in how Napoleon was known to focus on the key issues at hand. With so many issues to sort through, he knew which points to pay attention to, and which ones can be ignored or left for another day.You often hear businessmen say that “time is money”, and there is a lot of truth to this. Time wasted means money wasted in business, which is why business leaders should make sure they manage their time well. The Pomodoro technique is great for managing your time.Lesson 11: Never stop learningA leader should never feel and act like he knows everything and, thus, no longer sees the need to learn anything more. There is always, ALWAYS, something new to learn.Napoleon never stopped seeking to improve himself by acquiring knowledge and learning whatever could be learned, which he then used in his future endeavors. Even as a young boy, he read a lot, focusing on the Classics, particularly those of notable leaders in history such as Alexander the Great.In the formulation of the Napoleonic C ode, Napoleon entrusted the task to equally brilliant individuals, but he still joined the lengthy meetings, astounding everyone with his amazing grasp of all the relevant details. This is proof that, even at the height of his power as a leader, he never stopped learning.Leaders in business have to be aware of a lot of things, even beyond the scope of the industry that they are in. This is not just a way to widen their horizons, but to also keep their minds alert and sharp, to make it easier for them to spot opportunities once they arise.Image credit: Flickr | Dennis Jarvis  (modified) under Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic.

Why You Shouldnt Handle Mercury

Its never safe to touch mercury. Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. Although it has been removed from most thermometers because of safety concerns, you can still find it in thermostats and fluorescent lights. You may have heard older people remark that it used to be common to use liquid mercury in labs and as students, they often poked at it with fingers and pencils. Yes, they lived to tell the tale, but they may also have suffered some small, permanent neurological damage as a result. In its liquid metal form, mercury absorbs instantly into the skin; but it also has an extremely high vapor pressure, so an open container of mercury disperses the metal into the air. It sticks to clothing and is absorbed by hair and nails, so you dont want to poke it with a fingernail or wipe it up with a cloth. Mercury Toxicity Direct contact with elemental (liquid) mercury can cause irritation and chemical burns. Possible immediate effects may include dizziness, vertigo, flu-like symptoms, burning or irritation, pale or clammy skin, irritability, and emotional instability. In addition, exposure to mercury affects the central nervous system, damaging the brain, liver, kidneys, and blood. The element affects reproductive organs and can damage a fetus. Several other symptoms are possible, depending on the route and duration of exposure. Some effects of mercury contact can be immediate, but the effects of mercury exposure also may be delayed. What To Do If You Touch Mercury The best action to do if you touch mercury is to seek immediate medical attention, even if you feel fine and arent experiencing any obvious effects. Quick treatment can remove mercury from your system, preventing some damage. Also, keep in mind mercury exposure can affect your mental state, so dont assume your personal assessment of your health is valid. Its a good idea to contact your local Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) or consult your physician. Mercury First Aid If you do get mercury on your skin, seek medical attention and follow professional advice. Remove contaminated clothing and flush skin with water for 15 minutes to remove as much mercury as possible. If a person exposed to mercury stops breathing, use a bag and mask to give them air, but dont perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, since this contaminates the rescuer, too. How To Clean Up a Mercury Spill Mercury spills are rare but can happen if you break a mercury thermometer, thermostat, or fluorescent bulb. If that happens, youll need to dispose of the mercury and contaminated objects properly. Dont use a vacuum or a broom, since this contaminates the tools and actually spreads the mercury more than if you do  nothing. Dont flush it down the drain or throw it in the trash. Dont wash mercury-contaminated clothing. You can use a stiff sheet of paper to push the mercury droplets together to form a larger drop and then use an eyedropper to suck the one drop up or push it into a jar that you can seal with a lid. If you have them, sulfur or zinc can be sprinkled onto mercury to form an amalgam, binding the mercury into a less reactive form. Call your local health department, municipal waste authority or fire department for information on the proper disposal of the jar and contaminated clothing or carpets in accordance with local, state and federal laws. If you have a larger mercury spill than the drop or two from a thermometer and up to about two tablespoons, open the windows, leave the room, shut the door behind you, and call your local health authority immediately. If the spill is more than about two tablespoons, call the  National Response Center (NRC) hotline at (800) 424-8802 immediately. The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.   Sources Mercury. Fisher Scientific Material Safety Data Sheet, March 16, 2007.McFarland, Robert B., and Haidee Reigel. Chronic Mercury Poisoning from a Single Brief Exposure. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 20.8 (1978): 532–34. Environmental Health Criteria 1: Mercury. International Programme on Chemical Safety. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1976.Mercury: Spills, Disposal and Site Cleanup. Environmental Protection Agency.

Autobiography Of Malcolm X - 1614 Words

Kaykay Zhu October 19, 2017 The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley is an account of Malcolm X’s evolving perspective on racial justice. Malcolm X was a prominent figure in the Nation of Islam who advocated for black nationalism and separatism. The man who became one of America’s most powerful voices for African Americans was deeply affected by the terrors of racism, which shaped his view of social justice and the condemnation of the white man. The way Malcolm X narrates his experiences changes as his views on race change. At first, he wants readers to feel the destructiveness of racism, so he conveys his experiences through provocative language. When he aims to promote universal peace, he takes on a more optimistic tone. As a†¦show more content†¦The woman who raised and loved him did not know him any longer. This is one of many instances that illustrates the white society’s â€Å"lack of mercy and compassion† (22). Malcolm X blames whites for robbing his mothe r’s dignity, for separating his siblings, and for â€Å"disintegrating† his home and unity. Therefore, Malcolm X states he has no compassion for â€Å"a white society that will crush people† (22). The word â€Å"crushed† imparts the same horror he feels on the audience to illuminate the extremity of racism so that the audience can sympathize with his reasoned anger. Being called the ‘n-word’ in his life is another factor in Malcolm X’s belief that white society is demeaning to blacks. When Malcolm X told his English teacher that he wanted to be a lawyer, she replied, â€Å"That’s no realistic goal for a n-word† (118). The teacher’s statement is a clear portrayal of the widely accepted sentiment in that time period that African Americans are too incompetent to have good jobs and have ambitions. As a result, this incident deeply affected Malcolm X and has contributed to his disapproval of blacks being servile in a wh ite society. Malcolm X appeals to the audience s sense of horror and hatred by sharing his experiences in order for paint a more illuminated picture of racism. While advocating for racial justice as a minister of the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X claims that blacks must separate from their corrupt society and squarely blames the white man for the plight of blacks. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages1 2 THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MALCOLM X Introduction Malcolm X?s autobiography written in collaboration with Alex Haley is an exciting story of personality transformation. During several years, Malcolm X told Haley his biography in several extensive interviews. Haley described and orchestrated the stories and Malcolm X edited and endorsed every part of the book. The story is narrated in the first person and it seems like Malcolm was writing this of hisRead More Autobiography of malcolm x Essay921 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Autobiography of Malcolm X† by Alex Haley â€Å"Were not Americans. Were Africans who happen to be in America. We were kidnapped and brought here against our will from Africa. We didnt land on Plymouth Rock--that rock landed on us.† (Lord, Thornton, and Bodipo-Memba, 1992) Words like those above would engrave Malcolm X into the minds of Americans from all racial backgrounds and socio-economic classes. Malcolm X was certainly not one to mince words. America would come to remember him as â€Å"TheRead MoreThe Autobiography of Malcolm X729 Words   |  3 PagesLiterary Analysis: The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Autobiography of Malcolm X, told by Alex Haley, details the incredible journey of one of the most inspiration and life altering leaders the world has ever encountered. The book begins with the illustration of Malcolm’s early life experiences and ends with X predicting that he will die a violent death prior to seeing the publication of his autobiography. At the beginning of the book, Haley describes how Malcolm’s father, a Baptist MinisterRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesWho is Malcolm X? Answers tend to vary by person but in the â€Å"Autobiography of Malcolm X†, it really delved into the pivotal details of his life and readers like myself, went on an enthralling metaphorical journey to see the intriguing development of him as a child, a young adult, a convict, a follower, and ultimately a leader. For starters, Malcolm X was not born with the infamous and famous X. His birth name was Malcolm Little and the innocent Malcolm Little was very belittled (pun intended) inRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley, and Coming of Age in Mississippi by Anne Moody sheds light on how principles of ambition, pride, and faith throughout their lives paved individual paths for revolutionary success. Troubling upbringing s as seen in both of their lives eventually instilled a drive that ultimately revolutionized America’s perspective of racial equality. Their worldview grows to encompass humanity as one and is developed alongside their spiritual and cultural inquiryRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1701 Words   |  7 Pagesread the autobiography of Malcolm X. Malcolm X was one of the most controversial Men in American history. I’m familar with the name Malcolm X however, I’m not familliar with the works and background of Malcolm X. This is why I choose to read the autobiography of Malcolm X written by himself and Alex Haley. Which gives the read an insight on his background, beliefs, and the American society then. I believe that many people including myself have misunderstood Malcolm X. I believe that Malcolm X is misunderstoodRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X791 Words   |  4 Pageslife. Malcolm X told his life story of how he overcame in his autobiography simply called The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley. His life changed the world historically, socially, and especially politically by taking a stand against racism of all kinds which still exists in today’s â€Å"modern† standards. Using his personal life experience with racism towards African-Americans, Malcolm spreads the word on equality for all with a realistic tone that inspires trust in him. Malcolm X reachesRead MoreThe Autobiography of Malcolm X535 Words   |  2 Pages The autobiography of Malcolm X is a book that was published in 1965. It is of result of collaboration between human rights activist Mr. Malcolm X and journalist Alex Haley. The book depicts more about Malcolm X’s life, experiences and beliefs. The book again talks about spiritual conversion narrative that outlines Malcolm Xs philosophy of black pride, Black Nationalism. Malcolm was born in May 19th 1925 in Omaha to a family of Earl and Louise Little. The book also explains to us that he inheritatedRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1278 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X, born Malcolm Little, is one of the greatest advocates for race in the nation. However, his opinion of the state of racial issues in our country, and what can be done to solve them. Trials throughout Malcolm’s life of personal opinions and events that have occurred have shaped his outlook on the issue. Alex Haley’s autobiography novel, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, reveals Malcolm’s cha nging views on the solution of race in this country through the shaping stages of experiences in hisRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1505 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Book Review Book review based on The Autobiography of Malcolm X Introduction: This biography of Malcolm X was a book, which had a purpose of enlightening people on how blacks were treated, it mainly focused on the life of Malcolm and how it affected his life and changed him. Malcolm X is born and raised in Omaha, Nebraska, America. A country where racism is so prevalent that his family frequently gets into a confrontation with the KKK and Black Legion society due to his father being

Change of Audience †Letter to Peer Free Essays

Three skills an Administrative Medical Assistant needs to possess are planning, strategy and effective communication. Planning is a criterion that is required in the job description of a medical assistant. Medical Assistants should be able to plan appointments for the specified times needed for the availability a patient needs. We will write a custom essay sample on Change of Audience – Letter to Peer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Medical assistants should also be able to plan well for ordering medical supplies, if a medical assistant does not have planning or organizational skills the company he or she is working for will be out supplies and cannot care for the patients or use the materials needed to complete everyday tasks. Strategy is a skill that medical assistants need to possess in everyday job experiences. Strategy is something that every person uses on a day to day basis. A good medical assistant should be able to strategize to achieve any goal he or she desires. Working in the medical field there are chaotic days that a person needs to be able to make quick and accurate decisions within an instant. Medical assistants need to be able to strategize each course of action he or she needs to decides and it needs to be accurate and effective because the company is in stake of each strategic decision. Communication is a skills that every person possess however to be a good medical assistant effective communication is important. Medical assistants use communication at the office answering phones, planning patient’s appointments, and greeting patients with professional hospitability. The medical assistant is the first person a patient see’s when entering the office everyday therefore a medical assistant needs to possess the abilities to understand, listen and control the behavior of other individuals and groups. Medical assistants should be understanding of patient’s complaints and should have the ability to be a good listener and give professional feedback to the patients. Patients sometimes need someone other than family members and friends to listen and understand their problems and situations and as a professional healthcare employee medical assistants need to possess these skills. How to cite Change of Audience – Letter to Peer, Papers

The Impact and Influence of Business Ethics free essay sample

If the employee is in financial crisis at home, they may resort to unethical behaviors of stealing from the company to provide for their family, which they never think to do in normal circumstances. There is a high percentage of people who claim they do not report unethical behavior, and it is known that fear of retribution influences many employees (Kinicki Kreitner, 2009). Organization leadership is also a strong influence on employees, and employees who see unethical behaviors in leadership may believe that situational ethics is acceptable.Knowing how important strong ethics are to the sustainability of the organization and how difficult it is to control and manage individual ethical choices, how then can the organization positively influence and encourage ethical behaviors in all levels of the employee and management structure? How can leadership encourage ethical decision-making even with all the external forces such as political environment, organization culture, and personal culture? First and foremost, leaders need to be role models of ethical behaviors and decision-making. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact and Influence of Business Ethics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From the CEO and top management tiers needs to come a specific, detailed, and enforced standard of ethical conduct. Critical importance has been attributed to ethical leadership and high levels of integrity. Management duties come with an ethical obligation to promote integrity in ethical decision making, to assist and educate employees on this process, and to set a culture of rewarding ethical behavior (Paine, 1994). Management is faced with multiple ethical dimensions every day from how to manage the emotions of the employees (Fulmer Barry, 2009) to how to manage finances and political constituents.Management needs to lead by example in all these areas if they wish their reports to do the same and if they wish to project and enact a face of ethical importance on the organization. Leaders need to put in writing the organization value statements, corporate credos, and codes of ethics, and then instill these values into the entire organization through education, training, compliance monitoring, and role-modeling (O’Rourke, 2010). Before rolling out change processes or making decisions, leaders should recognize and evaluate any ethical issues and strategize decisions based on the c ompany code of ethics and values.When disseminating the change processes and decision statements to employees, leaders should discuss any ethical implications and how and why decisions were made so that employees can hear and learn the ethical issues that were taken into consideration. â€Å"Being ethical takes effort and leadership . . . it’s important to continually remind ourselves that ethical conduct must always be at the forefront of our thinking, planning, and action† (Soloway Chvotkin, 2007, p. 12). Take for example, the recent case of Johnson Johnson addressing ethical issues as described in the Wall Street Journal (Rockoff, 2011, March 31).Johnson Johnson is the parent company of McNeil Consumer Healthcare that has been troubled with quality and manufacturing issues. These issues have prompted multiple recalls of consumer health items such as Tylenol and baby foods in excess of $900 million and damaging the quality reputation of Johnson Johnson. Johnson Johnson is responding to the ethical disturbance by taking immediate action to repair psychological and financial damages via leadership reorganization, operationalizing a stringent process for quality planning and monitoring, and separating itself from McNeil, which will now be its own organization.Johnson Johnson also engaged the employees to explain the reasons for all the changes and stated that the goal was to give focused attention to quality and compliance and the reputation of the products. Ethical behavior and values is vital to the health of every organization and needs to be role-modeled from the top down, no matter how difficult the process might be. â€Å"Organizational climate, role models, structure, and rewards all can point employees in the right direction† (Kanicki Kreitner, 2009).

Television Violence And Its Effects On Children Essays - Behavior

Television Violence and Its Effects on Children This literature review is based on the effects of television violence on children. More specifically, it deals with the relationship found between television violence and aggression found in young children. I chose this topic because I found it interesting to learn that studies have indeed found a connection between television viewing and the behavior of people, especially children. The first study reviewed is entitled "Television Violence and Children's Aggression: Testing the Priming. Social script, and Disinhibition Predictions," by Wendy Josephson. Josephson begins her study by commenting on other studies which pertain to the idea of television violence leading to aggressiveness in children's behavior. She acknowledges that, in fact, there are still differing views over whether or not behavior is affected by the violence. However, Josephson tends to rely more on the idea that it is affected and feels that more research should be directed to this area. Mostly, attention is focused on factors such as the disinhibition effect and cue-triggered aggression. Josephson aims to differentiate these two areas and how they are affected by television violence. The overall purpose of her study is to research the effect this violence has on boys' aggression. Special emphasis is placed on factors such as teacher-rated characteristic aggressiveness in the boys, timing of frustration (before or after watching the televised violence, and violence related cues. Josephson's study is detailed and technical. However, sometimes it gets very difficult to understand the study due to the many advanced, technical terms used. The purpose of the study is somewhat easy to determine, and the three hypotheses on which she bases her research on are outlined clearly in the end of the review. It is understandable, from the review, how she came to her hypotheses. The second study reviewed is by Leonard D. Eron. Titled "Interventions to Mitigate the Psychological Effects of Media Violence on Aggressive Behavior," it begins with Eron's realization that although many studies were conducted which support the link between violence on television and aggressive behavior, very few studies have been conducted which attempt to intervene between the two. Interventions between television violence and aggression could be useful because, then studies could be conducted on reducing the effects of violence on the viewer. Also, the results of such a study could be helpful in researching the cause and effect relationship which may exist between the two. However, this would require that the interventions pertain exclusively to television viewing and that any other areas of intervention are controlled. If the aggressive behavior is reduced, it could support the theory of a causal effect as convincingly as a study performed in a carefully controlled laboratory experiment. The literature review is clear and easy to understand. Eron states at the beginning what his study is about. However, it is not clear in the review, at first, that his study deals with young children. This should have been more apparent since different results are expected depending on who the study involves. It is apparent, however, that his intentions are to study the results which would come from a study involving intervening variables between television violence and aggressive behavior. "Effects of Realistic TV Violence vs. Fictional Violence on Aggression" by Charles Atkin is the third study to be reviewed. Atkin's study starts off by stating that much evidence supports the theory that televised violence contributes to rising amounts of aggression found among young people. He focuses his literature review on the aspect of reality vs. fantasy in violence. More realistic forms of violence are said to lead to greater aggression. His study deals with the comparison of aggressive responses in pre-adolescents to real news violence and fictional entertainment violence. Reality, in the case of these studies, is perceived by the viewer. The viewer determines whether or not the violence appears real by the extent to which the events really did or could exist in the real world or through similarities which the event holds with the viewers social or physical environment. If a violent situation appears real, the viewer is more likely to identify with it. Therefore, it is said to lead to more aggression than violence in unrealistic situations. Atkins seeks, in his study, causal evidence of impact which takes into account reality violence, fantasy violence, and no violence treatments. Atkin gives a clear, understandable idea of what his study is about. This lit review was very well done. His purpose was clear and his hypotheses were well explained at the end of the review. By explaining the information lacking in previous studies, it was

same-sex ban essays

same-sex ban essays Here in a Georgia, a proposal named Senate Resolution 595 recently passed the House of Representatives by a 122-52 vote. This means that voters will decide on 2 November whether the state government should amend its constitution to ban same-sex marriage. This resolution, however, has done little to appease gay-rights activists here in Georgia. Many feel that their civil-rights and liberties are being violated. They feel that the land of the free is trying to take away their freedom to choose. Another component of this argument stems from this being in the legislature at any level of government. Many feel like this is an infringement upon the Constitutions Free Exercise Clause, which forces the government to totally operate on the basis of separation of church and state. One of the major components of this argument is centered on civil-rights, or lack thereof. In other words, would a same-sex marriage ban infringe upon anyones civil-rights or liberties? Opponents to this ban obviously say yes. Every person I interviewed that opposed this ban agreed that they should be free to choose and do as they please. Many of these interviewees also brought up the point that they were born gay, much like people are born black or Asian. This was not a choice for them and therefore the government has no right to place restrictions on their liberties solely because of their sexuality. This is where advocates for the ban tend to disagree. Many of these people say that being gay is a lifestyle choice. Therefore civil-rights are not an issue because civil-rights are inalienable. These are rights that people are born with. Everyone born a citizen of the United States has an equal shot at things like life, liberty, and property... not sexuality. They also say that homosexuals have no right to redefine marriage for the entire country. Since gays are not having their rights trampled on, then they ...

GERMANY EXERCISE Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GERMANY EXERCISE - Term Paper Example subsequent victory at Sedan on 2 September last year is a true case study that our survival depends on our ability to unite as German speaking people and proclaim German unity. The history of the national movement in the German speaking lands dates back to the periods of Napoleonic wars when romantic nationalism and pan Germanism began to rise. For example, the advocacy of building a German nation as a political force was particularly started as a response to the constant invasion of German territories by the French under Napoleon. However, many of the past attempts to create a federation among German states based on common nationhood have always faced numerous difficulties some of which include hostilities and tension between Prussia and the other German speaking lands as well as the Catholic-Protestant divide just to name a few. The original philosophy of the German nationalist movements has always been premised on the principles of collective self determination of the German speaking people, and the need for territorial unification to achieve these ends. According to early German philosophers such as Johann Gottfried Herder, who first developed the concept of German nationalism particularly argued that ethno-linguistic nations are the only legitimate nations. Throughout the history, the definition of being German has always presented numerous difficulties. This is particularly owing to the linguistic diversity in the German speaking lands with the main German dialects currently being Bavarian, Swabian, Cologne and Saxon. In this regard, despite our common history as German speaking peoples, the us of terms like â€Å"Sprachnation†-people united by a common language, or â€Å"Kulturnation†-a people united by a singular culture can not properly define what a German is. In my humble opinion, I would define German a unique people with a rich tied history dating back to the Middle Ages. From Prussia to Baden to Wà ¼rttemberg and to Bavaria, We the Deutsche are one

NATIONAL RESPONSE FRAMEWORK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

NATIONAL RESPONSE FRAMEWORK - Essay Example The organizational structure of the agencies which function during disasters is one main issue; those with much disciplined personnel and structure are likely to function properly than those which are not as disciplined. Exchange of information between agencies is another issue. It is essential that information is relayed in a proper manner, since overloading a particular agency with information is likely to cripple the agency in functional terms. Additionally, inter and intra-agency flow of information should be tightly controlled, as false information may misdirect the relief efforts and in some cases may become a cause of panic during working for relief during disasters. Coordination between agencies is not only important in post-disaster scenarios, but also in situations where a disaster is expected to hit a community. In scenarios where a disaster e.g. a hurricane is expected to strike a city, coordination between different agencies is extremely important. In situations like this, it is extremely important that the agency which determines the magnitude of an expected disaster provides the correct information to allow the other agencies react accordingly. Misinformation in this context is likely to result in over or under-preparation by the other involved agencies, which may ultimate result in loss of lives or a wastage of resources. Perry, M. (2007). Natural disaster management planning: a study of logistics managers responding to the tsunami.  International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management,  37(5),

Digital Forensic Methodology and Strategy

Digital Forensic Methodology and Strategy Introduction Digital forensic can be described as the cyber security mostly used to secure to identify, preserve, analyze and present digital data evidence in the manner it will be legally accepted   in any legal process. Digital forensic is mostly applied in recovering that involves investigation of materials on a digital media platform and network. (Britz, 2013 ) This forensic uses the method of scientific research  Ã‚   where the evidence is mostly grounded on the fields of forensic science. The certification of the forensic science requires a code of conduct of neutral and decent approaches to examinations.   This digital forensic has a good history since it was discovered by the original people who saw the need to protect the data in any digital gadget. It is estimated to be over 40 years old with the first gadget making the first show up around 1970. This was due to a demand made by the community to the court of law. The first claim was about finance which was done using a computer. The hackers used the computer to steal money hence there was a need to come up with a strategy.   The hacking does not only involve stealing but also getting access of the information from a computer without the authority from the owner. In 1980s, training courses for digital forensic were developed aimed at equipping the learner with the knowledge of forensics. Organizations such as Certified Fraud Examiners, High Technology Crime Investigational Associations (HTCIA) among other digital forensic companies were formed to deal with those frauds. (Britz, Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime, 2010) Currently, there are so many courses in the universities to offer degrees in the fields such as computer forensics and also digital investigations. In those early days, forensic tools like MACE and Norton came up with the basic resurgence abilities such as unformat and undelete, the investigation was under individual stationed in a specific workstation. (Janczewski, 2010) Today some software have been formed to do the same and effectively. Government has come up with the standardization of the same as from 1984. On the same year, the FBI came up with a structured body, Computer Analysis Response Team (CART), assigned with the responsibility of examining the evidence as per the law. Digital forensic methodology Obtaining authorization for investigation. There first methods involve getting authority so as one can start the investigation. This is so because nobody can allow one to enter into another without permission, once the permission is granted, the investigations kick off. The person mandate to do the investigation must be experienced with the full knowledge of the forensic investigation and examining. The investigation will be carried out clearly and the fraud should be met and amended. The investigator also is expected to use the current methods of digital forensic due to rapid growth in the technology, meaning advanced methods should apply. Determining evidence locations After investigation, the investigator will provide the evidence locations. This means that the investigator will determine where the location at which the fraud has occurred, then go to those places and find out what might have happened. Different locations will contain different kinds of frauds; this will lead to different kinds of locations. (Dawson, 2015) Each evidence will also contain different measure of resolving it. Digital forensic differ from one country to another and the measure taken to deal with such frauds is still different. The evidence depending on the location   will also   entail different kind of data which will call for a specific way of investigating it. The location also will contain different kind of population which will mean that that population has a certain way of dealing with the forensic frauds. Determining and confirming techniques to find and interpret significant data In this method, the investigator is required to validate techniques to find and interpret significant data. There are so many techniques used to determine find data and consequently interpret the same data. Some techniques used are, histogram, random number generation, descriptive statistics and many others. When the data has been found, then it is interpreted using different methods. The forensic data will differ from one fraud to another and also from one location to the next.   The collected data which is well analyzed will give the best result. Summarize and provide explanation of conclusions After doing all what is required, the data summarized and the conclusion is provided. The investigator of the fraud makes the explanation and it should be correct without any mistake to avoid wrong conclusion. Depending on the nature of the fraud, the explanation given should provide a clear answer of what might have gone wrong. (Gladyshev, 2015) The data must be given correctly for the future reference if need be. As per the client, the explanation can be taken to the court of law alongside the sampled data as the evidence. The importance of using forensic tools to collect and analyze evidence. Many organizations have adopted forensic tools and have achieved many things. Forensic tools have collected protected and analyzed digital evidence and applied it where applicable. Can be in legal matters, disciplinary matters or even in employment tribunals. The forensic tools have been useful in the following circumstances; It has been useful in disputed transactions in an organization. Widely used in allegations pertaing to employee misconduct Used to show legal and regulatory compliance Widely used in a court of law to assist in law enforcement investigations Supporting insurance claims when a loss occurs in an organization. It is a tool to meet disclosure requirement in civil claims. Hashing in the context of digital forensics Hash values are used in cases of the electronic evidence.   Mostly used in the examination of process of computer forensics. The hash values are used to make sure that the original copy is not altered. During the process, an image is made of the original.   (Bossler, 2014) The original hard drive will be taken as a hash value also. The examination is done before the hash value is taken. In the case where the values are the same the copy is treated as the original while where the values are different, then the copy is put in a question. As the examination is concluded, a third value s commonly taken. The three hash values which include, original hard drive, imaged hard drive before the examination and imaged hard drive after the examination, must match. Again the hash values can be used in the court of law to validate evidences In another circumstances hash value can be used in discovery process. The discovery process where the hash value has been mostly applied is in court of law. How do you ensure that the evidence collected has not been tampered with (i.e., after collection)? Avoid contamination of the data- the specimen /data collected should be original and not contaminated with other materials. (DeFranco, 2014) Handle appropriately-make sure that the data collected is packed, stored and ferried correctly. Label accurately-the evidence collected should be labeled correctly to avoid confusion such that even if there can be any claim, it can be clearly produced. Ensure total security- the evidence which has been collected should be secure and tamper proof Maintain continuity-handling of the evidence should be recorded, also when the evidence pass from one person to another should also be recorded, this maintenance will ensure that the evidence is purely maintained. Why and how is this important to prove in a court of law? The collected data as per the explanation above is original. It can be proven in the court of law because there will be a full evidence that the evidence was well maintained. References Bossler, A. M. (2014). Cybercrime and digital forensics : an introduction. New York: Routledge. Britz, M. (2013 ). Computer forensics and cyber crime : an introduction . Boston: Pearson. Britz, M. (2010). Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime. Berlin: Springe. Dawson, M. (2015). New threats and countermeasures in digital crime and cyber terrorism . Hershey: An Imprint of IGI Globa. DeFranco, J. F. ( 2014). What every engineer should know about cyber security and digital forensics. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Gladyshev, P. (2015). Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime . Heidelberg: Springer. Janczewski, L. (2010). Cyber warfare and cyber terrorism. Hershey: Information Science Reference.

New Cases Of Tb Health And Social Care Essay

Over 8 million of new instances of TB are discovered and about 1.5 million deceases resulted from TB yearly, TB has declared figure one infective slayer. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Generally, TB ( TB ) is defined as a catching infective disease cause by Mycobacterium TB. A individual can infected when he or she inhales a proceedingss sum of septic phlegm of air. Terbium is non catching by direct contact with apparels or agitating custodies with person who has Terbium. Terbium is spread through the external respiration of the septic air during close contact. There is besides another type of untypical TB, transmitted when imbibing unpasteurised milk. Related bacteriums, Mycobacterium bovis which are found in unpasteurised milk are responsible to do this signifier of TB [ 23 ] . The symptoms of TB are non obvious until the disease is rather advanced. The early symptoms of TB are usually confused with other common symptoms of a febrility, including weariness, loss of appetency, a productive cough, febr ility, weight loss and dark workout suits. The infection of the TB is more frequently than non spotted in the upper portion or lobe of the lungs. It normally takes months ( incubation ) from the get downing point of initial lung infection for symptoms to be noticeable. The worsen infection in the lungs can besides ensue in symptoms like chest hurting, coughing continuously, coughing out phlegm of stuff from the lungs and blood and trouble in take a breathing ( panting for breath ) . Incidence1 Prevalence 2 Mortality WHO part no. In 1000s % of planetary sum rate per 100 000 pop3 no. In 1000s rate per 100 000 dad no. In 1000s rate per 100 000 dad Africa 2 828 30 % 351 3 809 473 385 48 The Americas 282 3 % 31 221 24 29 3 Eastern Mediterranean 675 7 % 115 929 159 115 20 Europe 425 5 % 48 322 36 55 6 South-East Asia 3 213 34 % 183 3 805 216 477 27 Western Pacific 1 946 21 % 109 2 007 112 261 15 Global sum 9 369 100 % 139 11 093 164 1 322 20 1Incidence is the figure of new instances originating during a defined period. 2Prevalence is the figure of instances ( new and antecedently happening ) that exists at a given point in clip. 3Pop indicates population. Diagram 1: Estimated TB incidence, prevalence and mortality, 2008 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/ Diagram 1 indicates the estimated TB incidence and rate of decease in 2008. South-East Asia and South-East Asia have the highest figure of incidence, prevalence and morality rate of TB. These are low income states. Terbium is a poorness related disease which will be discussed subsequently in this study. ( 436 words )SolutionCocktail of drugs hypertext transfer protocol: //physicianjobster.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/latent-tuberculosis-guidelines-and-diagram.pngTB is categorized into two chief group based on the pharmacologic intervention for several phase, latent infection and active disease. About 90 % of patients who infected with primary TB will hold no farther clinical manifestation and will mend without the realisation of the disease. Merely approximately 5 % of the patients will travel on to develop the disease into a more progressive and active disease including disseminated TB ( TB bacteria infected parts of the organic structure other than lungs ) . Latent infection occurs when the pneumonic macrophages are able to incorporate the bacteriums but non extinguish them. C: UsersdantesDesktop blatent-tuberculosis-guidelines-and-diagram.png Chemoprophylaxis During the phase of latent infection of TB, although the symptoms of the disease are non manifested but latent infection can develop into the active phase. Therefore, chemoprophylaxis can be initiated to pull off the status. Chemoprophylaxis is the prescription of certain medicines in the purpose of forestalling an infection. Normally, two drugs are involved in this regimen. Isoniazid which is a common drug will be prescribed to patients with latent infection. Generally, 300mg daily of Isoniazid ( INH ) will be given for 9 months in grownups. If there are any intuition of opposition of bacteriums strain to INH or intolerance of patients to INH ( allergic reaction ) , INH can be replaced with Rifampin ( RIF ) . Normal medicine of RIF of 600mg for 4 months is a suited permutation [ 22 ] . Drugs intervention therapy ( 698words ) While for the phase of active disease of TB, the standard regimen Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide ( PZA ) and ethambutol ( EMB ) for 2 months followed by INH and RIF for 4 months is administered [ 7 ] [ 9 ] [ 22 ] . The consequence of the phlegm cultivation TB of patients is used to find the susceptibleness of the bacteriums to the drugs. It in bends decides which drugs to be used in the intervention. The tabular array 2 below is a guideline for the prescription of the intervention. Diagram 2: Prescription for intervention of TB hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htm ( 753 words ) If the bacterium become drug immune, multi-drug resistant TB ( MDR ) , other drugs are to be given. For illustration, Ethionamide, Streptomycin, Cycloserine and the list goes on. Drug opposition should be suspected in the undermentioned state of affairss: Patients who have received anterior therapy for Terbium Patients from geographic country with high prevalence of opposition ( Mexico and Southeast Asia ) HIV patients Patients known to be exposed to MDR-TB instances Patients who still have acid-fast bacilli-positive phlegm vilifications after 2 months of therapy Patients who still have positive civilization for TB after 2 to 4 months of therapy Particular intervention should be given to a certain population depending on their status for case, HIV patients, pregnant adult female, kids, extrapulmonary TB. In population of pregnant adult female, the drugs used are non to present a hazard to the foetus every bit good as to the female parent. RIF is non given because it is related to limb decrease and cardinal nervous system lesions in foetus. Ethionamide may be associated with premature bringing, congenitial malformations and Down ‘s syndrome. The drugs prescribed must be monitored carefully to forestall any long term side effects to the patients [ 7 ] [ 22 ] . The tabular array in diagram 3 show the chief two groups of drugs used to handle TB, first line and 2nd line drugs. If the first line drugs fail to handle TB as the TB bacteriums strain becomes immune, 2nd line drugs are used. ( 992 words ) Diagram 3: The first and 2nd line drugs for TB ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htm ) ( 1005 words ) Effectiveness Diagram 4: Treatment result and clip from start of intervention to transition of sputum civilization among 39 patients ( http: //www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/8/6/table/T2 ) C: UsersdantesPicturesTB.jpg All of the patients ab initio received day-to-day therapy that comprised INH, RIF, EMB, and PZA. Treatment was successfully completed in 36 patients ( 92 % ) , and 35 ( 90 % ) were cured. This indicates a high success rate of intervention utilizing the drugs above. ( 1067 words ) Direct observation of Therapy To maximize the completion of intervention class, direct observed therapy ( DOT ) is introduced. This method will advance attachment to the intervention. Medical officers should supervise DOT. This method ensures the intervention class of the patient is completed. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htmhttp: //www.health-res.com/EX/08-01-20/r211a1b14.gif hypertext transfer protocol: //www.health-res.com/EX/08-01-20/r211a1b14.gif ( 1122words ) Diagram 5: the intervention success of TB ( % ) under DOTs in Albania, Ecuador and HaitiEffectiveness Diagram 6: the intervention success of TB ( % ) under non- DOTs in Albania, Ecuador and Haiti hypertext transfer protocol: //apps.who.int/globalatlas/includeFiles/generalIncludeFiles/toolOptions.asp? displayType=chart ( 1146 words )The DOTS programme in China, the largest DOTS programme in the universe, prevents about 30 000 deceases a twelvemonth. Over 90 % of patients treated are cured.( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int/inf-new/tuber2.htm ) Diagram 7: Terbium instances human death rates ( % ) with or without DOTS in 2009 in China ( http: //www.who.int/inf-new/tuber2.htm ) Based from grounds from diagrams 5, 6 and 7, it is shown that the TB intervention success rate addition with the execution of DOTS. In diagrams 5 and 6, the informations in Ecuador shows that the intervention success rate under DOTs is much higher than those under non-DOTs by about 75 % . In diagram 7, the human death rate from TB is decrease by about 15 % if DOT is implemented. In my sentiment, DOT is effectual because most patients did non follow the physician ‘s recommendations and they tend to bury to take medicines regularly.DOT provides a manner to guarantee that all the patients are following their medicines. ( 1296words )DeductionsEconomic deduction One economic issue that I have encountered while carry oning this research is that the under-developed states have the highest rates of TB. And they do non hold fiscal support to derive entree to the antibiotic intervention. â€Å" Tuberculosis ( TB ) – a preventable disease linked to poverty – was declared an exigency in Africa in 2005. Each twelvemonth it claims the lives of half a million Africans, many immature and in their most productive old ages. In the past 15 old ages, overall rates have doubled in Africa and tripled in high HIV countries. Africa has the highest per capital incidence of TB in the universe ( 28 % ) , with most of the worst affected states located in sub-Saharan Africa. †( African Medical and Research Foundation, 2005 )The province of exigency is a consequence of immense fiscal load of the low-income states as the interventions are time-consuming and dearly-won. Furthermore, overcrowded country in Africa means easier transmittal of disease from individual to individual. These grounds result in more incidence of TB in Africa per twelvemonth. In my sentiment, the authorities demand to be financially stable in order to supply citizens with efficient and broad ent ree to intervention. Government should besides form runs to increase the consciousness towards the figure one infective disease slayer TB. ( 1505words ) Social deduction Many TB patients will halt taking the medicine after several hebdomads as their symptoms are relieved. First of wholly, the drugs for TB are dearly-won. Second, they feel healthy after twosomes of month of drug intervention. If the patients did non finish the antibiotic class, possible result is some bacteriums will last and go immune to the drug and infectiousness of the patient doing continued transmittal to the community. These bacteriums will go on to multiply and can non be killed by the old drug, multi-drug-resistant TB. Therefore, other more expensive drugs must be used for intervention. [ 6 ]â€Å" Poverty increases the hazard of TB ; TB impoverishes the victims. More than 90 % of TB instances and decease occurs in low and middle-income states. †( TB Advocacy, A Practical Guide 1999, WHO Global Tuberculosis Programme, STOP TB Annual Report 2001 )The intervention of TB requires a great trade of fiscal support. The cost of the drugs and the installations merely can non b e afforded by low income states. Therefore, low income states like South Africa has the most instances of TB incidence and deceases. Besides that, if a patient can non afford the medicine possible result is more people will be infected as TB is contagious. ( 1707words )Benefits and hazardsOne of the most conspicuous benefits from antibiotics intervention for TB is that it can bring around and liberate the patients from TB. Antibiotics can kill and suppress the growing of TB bacteriums in the organic structure provided the bacteriums are non drug-resistant. Equally long as the patients complete the intervention class, there is a large possibility that he or she will retrieve from the disease. Isoniazid administered to latent infection of TB patients besides prevents the patterned advance of the active disease. The intervention besides aims to halt the infection from distributing to other people [ 8 ] . However, there are a certain side effects of the drugs. Normally, the side effects of the drugs are non common but they can be serious. Patients are recommended to confer with their doctor for any possible side effects and how to cover with them. By and large, the side effects of the interventions includes liver issue ( icterus, abdominal hurting, sickness, and emesis, weariness, fever, dark piss, roseola and itchiness ) , flu-like symptoms ( febrility and icinesss, sickness, purging and musculus hurting ) , flu stain, diarrhoea and the effects may change depend on the drugs administered in the intervention. One of the most common used drugs, Isoniazid can hold side effects of dysarthria, crossness, ictuss, dysphoria, and inability to concentrate, fever, roseola and hepatitis. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] ( 1923 words ) Alternate solution Vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guerin is given during childhood as a vaccinum against TB. It is prepared from attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. The definition of vaccinum is substances that can trip and fix human immune response to specific bacteriums in the hereafter such as dead or attenuated bacteriums. A tuberculin trial must be conducted before the individual is to be vaccinated. Merely non-reactors are given inoculation because they lack immunisation against TB.â€Å" We estimated that the 100A ·5 million BCG inoculations given to babies in 2002 will hold prevented 29aˆ?729 instances of TB meningitis ( 5th-95th centiles, 24aˆ?063-36aˆ?192 ) in kids during their first 5 old ages of life, or one instance for every 3435 inoculations ( 2771-4177 ) , and 11aˆ?486 instances of miliary TB ( 7304-16aˆ?280 ) , or one instance for every 9314 inoculations ( 6172-13aˆ?729 ) . At US $ 2-3 per dosage, BCG inoculation costs US $ 206 ( 150-272 ) per twelvemonth of healthy life gain ed. †( B. Trunz ; P. Fine ; C. Dye. The Lancet, Volume 367, Issue 9517, Pages 1173-1180, 14 April 2006 )The monetary value of BCG is cheap [ 21 ] . Therefore, it can cost-effectively cut down the figure of TB compared to the cost of intervention. The effectivity of BCG is besides proven when it was foremost introduced into England in 1953. [ 13 ] When it was foremost introduced in 1950s, the inoculation programme has efficaciously reduced the incidence of TB by 77 % [ 18 ] [ 21 ] . ( 2145 words ) Diagnosis Tuberculin trial or Mantoux trial The Oklahoman the disease is discovered, the Oklahoman the disease is treated, the larger the opportunity the disease can be cured and managed so that it will non distribute to others unwittingly. This is due to early sensing of disease can forestall more organic structure parts from being infected and the country of infection can be reduced. The most common method used in diagnosing of TB infection is the tuberculin trial or Mantoux trial. It uses purified protein derivative and inject 5 units of it into the tegument of a patients. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] If a raised bump of more than 5mm appears at the site after 48 hours, the trial may be positive. The trial can hold false positive or false negative consequence. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantoux_test ( 2274words ) Chest X ray If the tuberculin trial shows positive consequence, collateral clinical intuition of TB can be carried out via x-ray and microbiologic scrutiny of phlegm. X-ray image of a TB patient will demo abnormalcy in mid and upper lungs Fieldss and lymph nodes might be enlarged. X-ray trial can merely propose there is TB infection but do non corroborate it. Normal chest x-ray ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medicine.cu.edu.eg ) Chest X ray of a XDR-TB patient ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eurosurveillance.org/images/dynamic/EE/V13N30/TB_Ireland_Figure1.jpg ) Sputum trial ( 2428 words ) hypertext transfer protocol: //nursinglink.monster.com/nfs/nursinglink/attachment_images/0000/2432/SputumTest_crop380w.jpg? 1212559672 Besides that, day-to-day phlegm aggregation over 3 back-to-back yearss is recommended. Sputum proving for acid-fast B is the lone trial that confirms a TB diagnosing. Sputum or other bodily secernments such as from your tummy or lung fluid can be cultured for growing of mycobacteria to corroborate the diagnosing. It may take one to three hebdomads to observe growing in a civilization, but eight to 12 hebdomads to be certain of the diagnosing.Evaluation of beginningBeginning 1 I evaluated the beginning hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htm where the guideline on the intervention of the TB was published. It proved to be accurate because it matched with many other beginnings in term of information. For illustration, in the book of pharmacotherapy enchiridion used by druggist as a beginning of mention ( Barbara G. Wells ; Joseph T. Dipiro ; Terry L. Schwinghammer ; Cecily V. Dipiro ( 2009 ) 7th edition Pharmacotherapy Handbook. United States of America: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ) , it is found that the guideline for intervention and the doses is the same. Furthermore, the information from this web site is dependable and accurate as it was published by Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention, United States of America. It is a United State federal bureau under the Department of Health and Human Services. It works to protect public wellness and supply information sing how to forestall and bring around diseases for the safety intents. It is non-profit based. Beginning 2 Besides that, I evaluated the beginning from a journal article [ Pereira S.M. ; Dantas O.M. ; Ximenes R. ; Barreto ML. ( 2007 ) BCG vaccinum against TB: its protective consequence and inoculation policies ] . The information about BCG vaccinum in this article is proven to be dependable and accurate because it matched with the beginning from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.patient.co.uk/health/BCG-Immunisation.htm. Both of the beginning stated that BCG inoculation is non 100 % guaranteed protection but its high effectivity of about 80 % enable many TB instances to be prevented. ( 2664 words )

Middle School and Happiness Essay

Happiness comes in all shapes and sizes. What makes you happy may not make someone else happy. The idea of happiness may not be the same for any two people, or maybe not for anyone you come across with. Happiness is an emotion causes by thousands of things. It is an abstract idea that cannot be fully described. What makes you happy changes as you get older, you do not like the same things your whole life so it is normal that your interests start to change. Like mentioned before not everyone has the same interests and cannot feel happiness from the same things. From firsthand experience I can say that I am the perfect example of finding different happiness. They have changed from my years in elementary school, middle school, and high school. Let’s start with elementary school. When I was in elementary school what brought me happiness was having time to spend at my friend’s house after school. Because I lived far away from the school that I attended I didn’t really know anyone in my neighborhood. There were days though that my parents would let me go to a friend’s house and stay there for a few hours while they got out of work. I didn’t have to be at my grandma’s house bored so that made me really happy, and I had a lot of fun while I was there so that made it even better. Another thing that made me feel happiness was being able to go two days out of the week to band practice. I liked being able to play my instrument and making beautiful sound come out of something so little. Playing with the band was my thing I could not stop smiling and feeling all this joy inside as I played. When the director put his arms up and signaled us to start playing was so thrilling knowing that we were about to make beautiful music all together. I think back and see how simple things made me really happy as a child. Now let’s talk about middle school. While I was in middle school I was still in band and yes it still brought me happiness. The main thing that brought me happiness while I was in middle school was being a little more free from home and my parents. If I remember correctly it was seventh grade that I went to my first dance, you can imagine my excitement. When I was at the dance my friends and I were having a great time, we were laughing and  dancing the whole time. Because it was my first dance it was a very fun time, and it brought so much happiness to be able to share that experience with my friends. When I was in high school all of my interests changed and even now I have the same interests. I found my passion for singing so I auditioned to join the school choir and I made it. Being in choir class was the best thing that I did when I was in high school. The happiness that I felt when I walked into that class every day I have no words to describe it. To top it all off when I started to sing and hear the chords we would all make together gave me the chills. There was not a single day that passed where hearing myself and others around me sing was not magical. When I would have a bad day I waited for third period to talk into class grab my folder from my cubic and start to sing and just forget about everything. Music was my escape from being upset, it was the way for me to forget about what was going on in my life. The happiness I felt was so great, even now I turn to music for help and comfort. In conclusion, happiness is an abstract emotion that cannot be easily defined. Not everyone feels happiness in the exact same way or from the same things. But no matter where our happiness comes from we all feel it. We feel it as kids, as teenagers, and as adults. Even though what causes us happiness may change the characteristics of it do not. The smile, the giggle, and the butterflies in your stomach do not disappear. From firsthand experience I know that we all go through phases, but not matter how old we get, we are always going to be happy.

Vacuum Definition and Examples